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- <text id=94TT0155>
- <title>
- Feb. 07, 1994: The Arts & Media:Music
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Feb. 07, 1994 Lock 'Em Up And Throw Away The Key
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE ARTS & MEDIA, Page 65
- Music
- Making Opera Pay, the Chicago Way
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>At the Lyric, director Ardis Krainik thrills audiences and balances
- the budget
- </p>
- <p>By Michael Walsh
- </p>
- <p> Little more than a decade ago, opera in the U.S. was regarded
- by many as an outdated European cultural import that held little
- relevance for contemporary Americans. Beset by high production
- costs, disastrous deficits, a declining talent pool and a static,
- aging repertory, American opera companies seemed to be the dinosaurs
- of arts organizations. In the past few years, however, a string
- of important and popular new works by composers as disparate
- as John Corigliano, Philip Glass and William Bolcom has helped
- improve opera's artistic fortunes. At the same time, audacious
- native-born stage directors like Peter Sellars and Francesca
- Zambello have replaced the old histrionic semaphoring with bold,
- psychologically penetrating productions starring fine singing
- actors like June Anderson and James Morris.
- </p>
- <p> Nowhere is the turnaround more visible than at the Lyric Opera
- of Chicago, where Ardis Krainik, a former actress, chorister
- and secretary turned iron-fisted administrator, is today running
- one of the country's most successful and innovative mainstream
- companies. Since 1981, when she succeeded the late Carol Fox
- as general director of the Lyric, Krainik, 64, has presided
- over a string of seasons notable not only for their high musical
- quality, formidable star power and adventurous repertory, but
- also for their happy balance sheets and sold-out houses. "Rudolf
- Bing [the late general manager of the Metropolitan Opera]
- once said there's never an artistic decision without a financial
- repercussion," says Krainik. "The two go hand in hand. That's
- why I have to have total artistic control."
- </p>
- <p> That control extends to everything from hiring singers to choosing
- a balanced program that encompasses not only classics and premieres
- but also thorny modernist works such as Alban Berg's Wozzeck,
- which last week got a stunning new production that typifies
- the Krainik style. Krainik had originally planned the project
- as a co-production with the Chatelet Theatre Musical de Paris,
- to be conducted in Paris and Chicago by Daniel Barenboim. Following
- the French performance, Krainik decided that the lighting design
- was unsuited to the Lyric's stage. "It would have cost us an
- extra $600,000 just to put up and take down the lights," she
- explains. So, undaunted, she hired a new director, designer,
- conductor and soprano to complement her original cast. Baritone
- Franz Grundheber's tormented Wozzeck, soprano Kathryn Harries'
- ripe Marie, Graham Clark's strutting Captain and Norman Bailey's
- Mengelesque Doctor, all under the commanding baton of Richard
- Buckley, brought Berg's acerbic, atonal ode to the lumpenproletariat
- to vivid, expressionistic life.
- </p>
- <p> Such inspired improvising is characteristic of Krainik's unorthodox
- management method, which is tactical rather than strategic.
- "I don't have a master plan," she says, "because there are always
- developments in the middle that are even better than the master
- plan."
- </p>
- <p> It's not every opera company manager who can fire Luciano Pavarotti
- with impunity, but Krainik showed that she is made of stern
- stuff when she sacked the superstar tenor in 1989. Fed up with
- his persistent cancellations--between 1981 and 1989, Pavarotti
- bowed out of 26 of 41 Chicago performances--Krainik lost patience
- five years ago when he walked away from a season premiere less
- than two weeks before rehearsals began. "Lyric Opera is now
- unwilling to take the risk of one more cancellation," declared
- Krainik, who has never asked Pavarotti back. Once criticized
- as a Pollyanna for her habitual speak-no-evil good cheer, Krainik
- was widely praised for her resolve.
- </p>
- <p> Still, Krainik insists that it is her policy to "hire the best
- singers in the world." Despite being the youngest major opera
- house in the country, the Lyric became known as a singer's house--"La Scala West"--from its inception in 1954, when it introduced
- the fiery Greek soprano Maria Callas to American audiences.
- After 20 years, though, the Lyric's stand-and-deliver stagings
- had become outdated, and Fox's foray into new music ended disastrously
- in 1978 with the premiere of Krzysztof Penderecki's Paradise
- Lost; the opera was both wildly expensive and roundly panned.
- Three years later, with the company $300,000 in debt and its
- endowment exhausted, Krainik succeeded Fox.
- </p>
- <p> Daughter of a Bohemian businessman and a Norwegian mother, Krainik
- was born and raised in Manitowoc, Wisconsin. For a time she
- harbored visions of an acting or singing career (at age 27 she
- appeared, breastplate and all, as one of the Valkyries in a
- year 1956 Lyric production of Wagner's Die Walkure), but realized
- that her talents lay elsewhere. She joined the company as a
- secretary ("Carol hired me because she liked me, and I could
- type"), and had risen to general director when Fox stepped down.
- </p>
- <p> At the age of 50 she had hit upon her true calling. In her first
- year she found ways to save more than half a million dollars,
- and by the end of the next season the company was showing an
- operating surplus of $800,000; the Lyric has lost money in only
- one season since.
- </p>
- <p> The company recently bought its home, the Lyric Theater, for
- $3.5 million, and is running a $100 million endowment fund-raising
- campaign. A canny Washington in-fighter (she sits on the National
- Council for the Arts, which oversees the National Endowment
- for the Arts), Krainik makes sure her company gets its share
- of federal largesse; a current grant provides $1 million for
- the company's ambitious "Toward the 21st Century" series of
- American opera premieres, the most recent of which was Bolcom's
- triumphant McTeague in 1992.
- </p>
- <p> A Christian Scientist, Krainik credits God for her success.
- "I go to church, I read the Bible, and I pray a lot," she says.
- "I know it's unfashionable to say, but it's those angel ideas
- that come from elsewhere--that still, small voice in the middle
- of night--that have made the Lyric what it is." Unfashionable,
- maybe; still and small, never.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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